معاونت:Ubuntu Linux Localization

Steps required for Ubuntu Linux Localization

Install Urdu Keyboard

Urdu Writing Support is easy to install by following the steps given below:

Keyboard Installation

Copy Urdu Keyboard

Copy this file to these two locations:

/etc/X11/xkb/symbols 
/etc/X11/xkb/symbols/pc 

Edit “xorg.lst” found in /etc/X11/xkb/rules and add “ur Urdu Pakistan” line as shown below:

th_tis Thai (TIS-820.2538)
th_pat Thai (Pattachote)
tr Turkish
tr_f Turkish (F)
ua Ukrainian
gb United Kingdom
uz Uzbek
ur Urdu Pakistan

Now you need to compile this new layout into X Server. Do this by following commands:

cd /etc/X11/xkb/symbols
xkbcomp -lhlpR ‘*’ -o ../symbols.dir

After this you should go to “Applications->System Tools->Configuration Editor” and add “ur” (without quotes) in the list of already installed layouts in the path:

/desktop/gnome/peripherals/keyboard/kbd

Installing Urdu Layout Switcher Applet

Urdu keyboard is now installed. You can install keyboard switcher applet by going to panel, right-clicking and selecting “Add to Panel->Keyboard Indicator". By clicking on this switcher, you can easily change between English(or any other language)/Urdu layouts. Once Urdu keyboard is installed, you can write Urdu anywhere in Linux including Firefox and Thunderbird by switching to urdu layout.

Install Urdu Fonts

Only true type fonts are so far tested to be successfully integrated with Ubuntu X font Server. Just paste the fonts files *.ttf into the fonts folder, and then test the fonts installation in an editor. Also remember to select your desired font in text editor.

You can find a Urdu Nastaliq Unicode font free of cost. A Debian package of Nafees Web Naskh fonts is also available.

Install System wide Language support

Use the following command as root for installing your Urdu language Locale. sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales Check your required language locale and select ok. Re-login with the respective locale (Use Language tab at the login screen).

Translation

Once steps 1,2 and 3 are complete you can now start the translation process.

1. 1. Visit the Debian site and download the PO (Portability Object) files.
   2. Replace the original strings to be translated in the PO files with the urdu string by using the urdu keyboard.
   3. Save the PO files
   4. Convert the PO files to MO (Machine Object) files with the following command:

msgfmt gedit.po (as a root user)

1. 1. Now place the .mo file in the respective location for system recognize the translated messages.

/usr/share/locale/ur/LC_MESSAGES folder

1. 1. Re-login to see the effects

References

External Links

• Ubuntu Localization updated information
• Instructions at Ubuntu official wiki