پھلوں کی فہرست

آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے
:چھلانگ بطرف رہنمائی، تلاش
اگر یہ مطلوبہ صفحہ نہیں تو دیکھیۓ ، پھل۔
Common culinary fruits.

یہ صفحہ تمام ایسے نباتات کے ناموں کی کی ایک فہرست پیش کرتا ہے کہ جن کو پھل کی تعریف کے تحت استعمال کیا جاتا ہے۔ پھل سے مراد اپنے عام ترین مفہوم میں کسی بھی بیجدار پودے کے اس حصے کی ہوتی ہے جو کہ اس کی مبیض (ovary) میں غذائیت کے انبار کی وجہ سے پیدا ہوتا ہو اور اس کا کام اس پودے کی افزائش یا تولید میں حصہ لینا ہوتا ہو۔ اس نباتیاتی قسم کی تعریف کے علاوہ بھی ایسے تمام حصوں کو پھل کہا جاسکتا ہے کہ جو پودے کے کسی دوسرے حصے سے پیدا ہوں یا ان میں بلا پکائے کھائے جانے پر لذیز ذائقہ ہوتا ہو؛ بعض پھل نباتاتی اعتبار سے، پھل سمجھے جانے کے باوجود پھل نہیں ہوتے اور بعض پھل نباتاتی اعتبار سے پھل سمجھے جانے کے باوجود سبزی میں شمار کیے جاسکتے ہیں۔ اس قسم کے نباتات کے بارے میں اضافی معلومات ان کے اپنے مخصوص صفحات پر درج پائی جاتی ہیں۔

فہرست

پھل بمطابق آب و ہوا [ترمیم]

معتدل پھل [ترمیم]

یہ پھل جغرافیائی لحاظ سے کرۂ عرض کے اس منطقہ یا اقلیم میں پیدا ہوتے ہیں جو کہ متعدل (temperate) کہلائے جانے والے مقامِ عرض البلد پر پایا جاتا ہے اور وقوع کے لحاظ سے خط استوا کے شمالی و جنوبی جانب موجود منقلبین (tropics) کے اختتام (یعنی خط سرطان اور خط جدی) سے شروع ہو کر دائرۃ القطبیہ (polar circle) کے آغاز تک پایا جاتا ہے۔

Apples

The pome fruits:

The stone fruits, drupes of genus Prunus:

Other Temperate fruits:

Berries [ترمیم]

In non-technical usage, berry means any small fruit that can be eaten whole and lacks objectionable seeds. The bramble fruits, compound fruits of genus Rubus (blackberries), are some of the most popular pseudo-berries:

Rubus [ترمیم]
Raspberries
True berries [ترمیم]

The true berries are dominated by the family Ericaceae, many of which are hardy in the subarctic:

Other [ترمیم]

Mediterranean and subtropical fruits [ترمیم]

Fruits in this category are not hardy to extreme cold, as the preceding temperate fruits are, yet tolerate some frost and may have a modest chilling requirement. Notable among these are natives of the Mediterranean:

Grapes

In the important genus Citrus (Rutaceae), some members are tropical, tolerating no frost. All common species of commerce are somewhat hardy:

Lemon
See also: List of Citrus fruits

Other subtropical fruits:

Tropical fruits [ترمیم]

Tropical fruits grow on plants of all habitats. The only characteristic that they share is an intolerance of frost.

Papayas
An array of tropical fruits at University of Hyderabad, India

A [ترمیم]

Barbados Cherryor also called West Indian Cherry

B [ترمیم]

C [ترمیم]

Caimito fruit cut in half. It's native to the lowlands of Central America and the West Indies

D [ترمیم]

E [ترمیم]

F [ترمیم]

  • Feijoa (aka Pineapple Guava or Guavasteen)
  • Fig

G [ترمیم]

H [ترمیم]

I [ترمیم]

J [ترمیم]

K [ترمیم]

L [ترمیم]

M [ترمیم]

N [ترمیم]

O [ترمیم]

P [ترمیم]

Q [ترمیم]

R [ترمیم]

S [ترمیم]

T [ترمیم]

V [ترمیم]

W [ترمیم]

Y [ترمیم]

List of culinary fruits by geographical origin [ترمیم]

Fruits of African origin [ترمیم]

Fruits native to Africa or of African Origin:

Trivial name Botanical name Plant family Continent of origin Countries of origin
Amatungulu Carissa macrocarpa Africa
Imbe Garcinia livingstonei Africa
Kiwano Cucumis metuliferus Africa
Marula Sclerocarya birrea Africa
Miracle Fruit Synsepalum dulcificum Sapotaceae Africa
Safou Dacryodes edulis Africa
Spiny Monkey-orange Strychnos spinosa Africa
Tamarind Tamarindus indica Africa
Watermelon Citrullus lanatus Thunb. Cucurbitaceae Africa

Fruits of Asian origin [ترمیم]

Fruits native to Asia or of Asian Origin:

Fruits of Latin American origin [ترمیم]

Fruits native to Latin America or of Latin American Origin:

Trivial name Botanical name Plant family Continent of origin Countries of origin Brief description
Açaí Euterpe oleracea Euterpe) South America Amazon region a palm fruit
Avocado Persea americana Lauraceae Mesoamerica Mexico, Guatemala
Boquila Boquila trifoliata Lardizabalaceae South America
Calafate Barberry Berberis Berberidaceae South America
Breadnut Artocarpus camansi Moraceae South America
Cainito (Star apple) Chrysophyllum cainito Sapotaceae South America
Feijoa (Pineapple Guava/Guavasteen) Acca sellowiana Myrtaceae South America southern Brazil, Colombia, Uruguay, northern Argentina
Keule Gomortega keule Gomortegaceae South America
Guarana Paullinia cupana Sapindaceae South America
Guava Psidium guajava Myrtaceae Mesoamerica
Lardizabala Lardizabala biternata Lardizabalaceae South America
Mamey Pouteria sapota Sapotaceae Mesoamerica
Maqui Aristotelia chilensis Elaeocarpaceae South America
Naranjilla Solanum quitoense Solanaceae South America
Papaya Carica papaya Caricaceae South America
Peumo Cryptocarya alba Lauraceae South America
Pineapple Ananas comosus Bromeliaceae South America
Sapote Casimiroa edulis Sapotaceae Mesoamerica
Sea Grape Coccoloba uvifera Polygonaceae South America
Soursop Annona muricata Annonaceae South America
Sugar-apple Annona squamosa Annonaceae South America
Ugniberry Ugni molinae Myrtaceae South America

Fruits of North American origin [ترمیم]

Canada and the United States are home to a surprising number of edible plants, especially berries; however, only three are commercially grown/known on a global scale (grapes, cranberries, and blueberries.) Many of the fruits below are still eaten locally as they have been for centuries and others are generating renewed interest by eco-friendly gardeners (less need for bug control) and chefs of the region alike.

Fruits of Oceanian origin [ترمیم]

Fruits native to Oceania or of Oceanian Origin:

List of culinary fruits by type of flora [ترمیم]

Rosaceae family [ترمیم]

The family Rosaceae dominates the temperate fruits, both in numbers and in importance. The pome fruits, stone fruits and brambles are fruits of plants in Rosaceae.

The pome fruits:

The stone fruits, drupes of genus Prunus:

  • Apricot (Prunus armeniaca or Armeniaca vulgaris)
  • Cherry, sweet, black, sour, and wild species (Prunus avium, Prunus serotina, P. cerasus, and others)
  • Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana)
  • Greengage, a cultivar of the plum
  • Peach (of the normal and white variety) and its variant the nectarine (Prunus persica)
  • Plum, of which there are several domestic and wild species; dried plums are called prunes
  • Hybrids of the preceding species, such as the pluot, aprium and peacotum

Berries [ترمیم]

In non-technical usage, berry means any small fruit that can be eaten whole and lacks objectionable seeds. The bramble fruits, compound fruits of genus Rubus (blackberries), are some of the most popular pseudo-berries:

The true berries are dominated by the family Ericaceae, many of which are hardy in the subarctic:

Other berries not in the Rosaceae or Ericaceae:

Cacti and other succulents [ترمیم]

Several cacti yield edible fruits, which are important traditional foods for some Native American peoples:

Podocarps [ترمیم]

Podocarps are conifers in the family Podocarpaceae. The seed cones are highly modified and, in some, the seed is surrounded by fleshy scale tissue, resembling a drupe. These berry-like cone scales are eaten by birds which then disperse the seeds in their droppings and the cones can be eaten in many species. Podocarps are either half-hardy or frost tender, depending on species. Many genera are similar in that they have edible "fruits" and often don't have a common name.

Melons and other members of Cucurbitaceae family [ترمیم]

Some exceptions to the statement that temperate fruits grow on woody perennials are:

Accessory fruits [ترمیم]

The accessory fruits, seed organs which are not botanically berries at all:

See also [ترمیم]

External links [ترمیم]

‘‘http://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=پھلوں_کی_فہرست&oldid=731697’’ مستعادہ منجانب