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معاونت:بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد/رومانیائی

آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے

The charts below show the way in which the بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد represents رومانیائی زبان pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See Romanian phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Romanian and Romanian alphabet for the correspondence between spelling and pronunciation.

حرف صحیحs
معاونت:با ابجدیہExamples in RomanianExamples in English
b banboy
d dopday
[1] gergender
f focface
ɡ gol, unghiegood
h hornhat
k cal, chip, kilogram, quasarskip
l lunălove
m micmoon
n norname
ŋ[2] lunglong
p passpan
r rac, mare curd (Scottish English)
s saresun
ʃ șarpeshape
t tarestop
ts[1] țarăcats
[1] cerchoose
v val, wattvoice
z[3] zidzone
ʒ jarmeasure
Non-native consonants
ɲ Salignyroughly like canyon
مصوتs
معاونت:با ابجدیہExamples in RomanianExamples in English
a aroughly like father
e erouroughly like bet
ə ăstaabout
i inel, miebeet
ɨ înspre, cârnatroses (for some جدول بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے انگریزی لہجات)
o orașlaw (British English)
uuda, dualfool
Non-native vowels
ɑ̃ Henriroughly like croissant
ɵ chemin de ferroughly like sir
ø bleu, loess
y ecru, fürerroughly like few
 
Semivowels[4]
معاونت:با ابجدیہExamples in RomanianExamples in English
j iarnă, creioane, rai, yacht you or boy
w băcăuan, dulău, tweeter wine or cow
Diphthongs[4]
e̯a bea, Andreea short [e] followed by full [a]; similar to yard
e̯o vreo short [e] followed by full [o]; similar to yawn
o̯a foarte, oace short [o] followed by full [a]; similar to wagon
 
Other symbols
معاونت:با ابجدیہ ExamplesExplanation
ˈ dulău [duˈləw] Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
ˌ extraordinar [ˌekstra.ordiˈnar] Secondary stress
. mie [ˈmi.e] Syllable marker, generally used between vowels in hiatus
ʲ[5] rupi [ˈrupʲ] Palatalization (placed after the palatalized consonant)

Notes

[ترمیم]
  1. 1 2 3 The affricates are correctly written with tie-bars: [t͡s], [t͡ʃ], [d͡ʒ]. As the tie-bars display incorrectly with some fonts, they are often omitted. However, the affricates contrast with the plosive-fricative sequences: [ts], [tʃ] and [dʒ]. Usually, the spelling of the Romanian word indicates the pronunciation, with the affricates spelled ț, c, g, with one letter, and the sequences spelled ts, tș, dj, with two. However, personal names are the most common exceptions.
  2. Not a separate phoneme but an allophone of /n/ before طبقی حروف صحیح.
  3. [z] is also an allophone of /s/ before voiced consonants.
  4. 1 2 The approximants /j/ and /w/ can appear before and after vowels, including the diphthongs /e̯a/ and /o̯a/, in almost any combination.
  5. Palatalization occurs only with a single final i.

References

[ترمیم]
  • Ioana Chițoran (2001)، The Phonology of Romanian: A Constraint-based Approach، Berlin & New York: Mouton de Gruyter، ISBN:3110167662