"قلی" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق
حذف شدہ مندرجات اضافہ شدہ مندرجات
2 مآخذ کو بحال کرکے 0 پر مردہ ربط کا ٹیگ لگایا گیا) #IABot (v2.0.8 |
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* Ramya Sivaraj, [http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mag/2007/04/29/stories/2007042900050100.htm "A necessary exile"]{{wayback|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mag/2007/04/29/stories/2007042900050100.htm |date=20071028164417 }}, ''The Hindu'' (29 April 2007) |
* Ramya Sivaraj, [http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mag/2007/04/29/stories/2007042900050100.htm "A necessary exile"]{{wayback|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mag/2007/04/29/stories/2007042900050100.htm |date=20071028164417 }}, ''The Hindu'' (29 April 2007) |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221529/http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=96848 Commemoration of indentured], Aapravasi ghat 2 November 2007. |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303221529/http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=96848 Commemoration of indentured], Aapravasi ghat 2 November 2007. |
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* In French, [http://www.assemblee-martinique.com/joomla/news-225/aapravasi_ghat_l_ile_maurice_dialogue_enfin_avec_l_histoire.htmlMauritius starts to dialogue with its History]{{ |
* In French, [http://www.assemblee-martinique.com/joomla/news-225/aapravasi_ghat_l_ile_maurice_dialogue_enfin_avec_l_histoire.htmlMauritius starts to dialogue with its History] {{wayback|url=http://www.assemblee-martinique.com/joomla/news-225/aapravasi_ghat_l_ile_maurice_dialogue_enfin_avec_l_histoire.htmlMauritius |date=20191225064657 }}, Khal Torabully |
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* [https://books.google.com/books?id=i--DWHB_7ywC&dq=clipper%20%22westward%20ho%22&pg=PA78#v=onepage&q=clipper%20%22westward%20ho%22&f=false Description of conditions aboard clipper ships transporting coolies from Swatow, China, to Peru], by [[George Francis Train]] |
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=i--DWHB_7ywC&dq=clipper%20%22westward%20ho%22&pg=PA78#v=onepage&q=clipper%20%22westward%20ho%22&f=false Description of conditions aboard clipper ships transporting coolies from Swatow, China, to Peru], by [[George Francis Train]] |
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نسخہ بمطابق 13:30، 23 دسمبر 2021ء
قلی (انگریزی: Coolie also spelled koelie, kuli, cooli, cooly and quli) باربرداری کا کام کرنے والا، حمال، خصوصاً وہ شخص جو ریلوے اسٹیش پر مسافروں کا مال اسباب اٹھاتا ہے۔
اشتقاقیات
لفظ کی ابتدا غیر یقینی ہیں لیکن خیال کیا جاتا ہے کہ یہ تمل زبان کے لفظ سے کام کے لیے ادائیگی (கூலி) کے لفظ سے شروع ہوا ہے۔ [1][2]
بیرونی روابط
- Hill Coolies
- BBC documentary: Coolies: The Story of Indian Slaveryآرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ bbc.co.uk (Error: unknown archive URL)
- "Labour and longing" by Vinay Lal
- Personal Life of a Chinese Coolie 1868–1899
- Chinese Coolie treated worse than slaves
- Site dedicated to modern Indian coolies
- India Together article[مردہ ربط] on modern Indian coolies
- Article on Chinese immigration to the USA
- Review of Coolitude: An Anthology of the Indian Labor Diaspora
- Ramya Sivaraj, "A necessary exile"آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ hindu.com (Error: unknown archive URL), The Hindu (29 April 2007)
- Commemoration of indentured, Aapravasi ghat 2 November 2007.
- In French, starts to dialogue with its History آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ assemblee-martinique.com (Error: unknown archive URL), Khal Torabully
- Description of conditions aboard clipper ships transporting coolies from Swatow, China, to Peru, by George Francis Train
حوالہ جات
- ↑ Oxford English Dictionary، اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 19 اپریل 2012
- ↑ Britannica Academic Edition، اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 19 اپریل 2012