"ماورائے عدالت قتل" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق

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سطر 1: سطر 1:
'''ماورائے عدالت قتل''' اس [[قتل]] کو کہا جاتا ہے جو کوئی حکومتی ادارہ غیر قانونی طور پر کریں۔ <br/>
'''ماورائے عدالت قتل''' اس [[قتل]] کو کہا جاتا ہے جو کوئی حکومتی ادارہ غیر قانونی طور پر کریں۔ <br/>
وہ ممالک جن میں ماورائے عدالت قتل اور قاتل گروہوں کی طرف سے بکثرت اموات ہوتی ہیں ان میں [[مشرق وسطی]] (خاص کر [[شام]] اور [[عراق]]<ref>[http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=viewArticle&code=FUL20051124&articleId=1315 Torture and Extrajudicial Killings in Iraq]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.electronicintifada.net/bytopic/extrajudicial-killings.shtml |title=ei: Extrajudicial Killings |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2011-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226033302/http://www.electronicintifada.net/bytopic/extrajudicial-killings.shtml |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>[http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR51/079/2005/en/bcffa8d8-d4ea-11dd-8a23-d58a49c0d652/amr510792005en.html USA: An Extrajudicial Execution by the CIA? | Amnesty International]</ref><ref>[http://www.brusselstribunal.org/FullerKillings.htm Proof of US orchestration of Death Squads Killings in Iraq]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://soccerdad.baltiblogs.com/archives/2007/06/24/extrajudicial_killings_hamas_style.html |title=Soccer Dad: Extra-judicial killings, hamas style |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2007-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928205440/http://soccerdad.baltiblogs.com/archives/2007/06/24/extrajudicial_killings_hamas_style.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>)، [[وسطی امریکہ]]،<ref name=autogenerated1>[http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR29/015/1996/en/29e818da-eacb-11dd-b6f5-3be39665bc30/amr290151996en.html El Salvador: The spectre of death squads | Amnesty International]</ref><ref>[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/publications/elsalvador2/index.html El Salvador: War, Peace, and Human Rights, 1980–1994]</ref> [[افغانستان]]، [[بنگلہ دیش]],<ref>[http://www.allamericanpatriots.com/48723123_world_bangladesh_release_journalist_and_rights_activist Bangladesh: Release Journalist and Rights Activist | All American Patriots]</ref>[[پاکستان]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-10667545 | work=BBC News | title=Pakistan army accused of extrajudicial killings in Swat | date=July 16, 2010 | accessdate=Jul 17, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044740/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-10667545 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> افریقہ کے بہت سے ممالک یا علاقے،<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/53437/cote-d-ivoire-un-demands-inquiry-into-13-torture-deaths|title=Cote d'Ivoire: UN demands inquiry into 13 torture deaths|date=16 March 2005|accessdate=2 November 2012|publisher=IRIN Africa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044745/http://www.irinnews.org/news/2005/03/16/un-demands-inquiry-13-torture-deaths|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omct.org/urgent-campaigns/urgent-interventions/ethiopia/2005/11/d17734/|title=Ethiopia – extrajudicial killing/torture/arbitrary arrests|publisher=World Organisation Against Torture|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044752/http://www.omct.org/urgent-campaigns/urgent-interventions/ethiopia/2005/11/d17734/|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208200590.html|publisher=AllAfrica|author=Arubi, Emma|date=20 August 2012|title=Nigeria: Delta Community Alleges Extrajudicial Killing by Soldiers}}</ref> [[جمیکا]]<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20040307T040000-0500_56740_OBS_LOUIS_JODEL_CHAMBLAIN_.asp |title=Louis-Jodel Chamblain – JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2008-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121183203/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20040307T040000-0500_56740_OBS_LOUIS_JODEL_CHAMBLAIN_.asp |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite news | url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/gayrights/story/0,12592,1659296,00.html | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Jamaican gay activist shot dead after being abducted | first=Gary | last=Younge | date=December 6, 2005 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044747/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/dec/06/gayrights.garyyounge | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61549-2004Mar15_2.html | work=واشنگٹن پوسٹ | title=Aristide Back in Caribbean Heat | first=Peter | last=Eisner | date=March 16, 2004 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044735/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61549-2004Mar15_2.html%20 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live }} Note: first page of this article is missing from واشنگٹن پوسٹ website, but can be found [http://www.iacenter.org/Haitifiles/aristide_washpost.htm here] {{wayback|url=http://www.iacenter.org/Haitifiles/aristide_washpost.htm |date=20140419025210 }}</ref> کوسوو،<ref>{{cite web |title=Report on Human Rights Violations in Kosovo |url=http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/ffdab064dd4600ba802567dd00351af3?Opendocument |publisher=ECOSOC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044749/http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/ffdab064dd4600ba802567dd00351af3?Opendocument%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref> کے ساتھ ساتھ جنوبی امریکا<ref>{{cite web |title=World Report 2002: Venezuela |url=http://hrw.org/wr2k2/americas10.html |publisher=Human Rights Watch |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044738/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/wr2k2/americas10.html%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=World Report 2003: Venezuela |url=http://hrw.org/wr2k3/americas10.html |publisher=Human Rights Watch |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044749/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/wr2k3/americas10.html%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>[http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR19/008/2007/en/3f0d3a74-d3ac-11dd-a329-2f46302a8cc6/amr190082007en.html Brazil: Irene Khan urges government collaboration to end violence | Amnesty International]</ref> مبینہ طور پر [[روس]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6163502.stm | work=BBC News | title=Obituary: Alexander Litvinenko | date=November 24, 2006 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044737/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6163502.stm%20 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> [[ازبکستان]] [[تھائی لینڈ]] کے کچھ علاقے<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/mainfile.php/2003/407/ |title=THAILAND: Extrajudicial killing, impunity |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2011-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303032356/http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/mainfile.php/2003/407/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[ترکی]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.todayszaman.com/columnist/gunal-kursun/closing-investigations-into-extrajudicial-killings-in-turkey_358710.html |title=آرکائیو کاپی |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2014-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922073324/http://www.todayszaman.com/columnist/gunal-kursun/closing-investigations-into-extrajudicial-killings-in-turkey_358710.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>The report [http://ob.nubati.net/wiki/Extra-judicial_Executions Turkey: Extra-judicial Executions (AI Index: EUR 44/45/90)] was accessed on 10 September 2009</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-344936-mit-bill-raises-concerns-about-possible-boost-in-extrajudicial-killings.html |title=آرکائیو کاپی |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2014-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208102420/http://www.todayszaman.com/news-344936-mit-bill-raises-concerns-about-possible-boost-in-extrajudicial-killings.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/europe/turkish-military-officer-confirms-kurd-killings</ref> اور [[فلپائن]] میں۔<ref>http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20060725-11686/Arroyo_fails_to_take_steps_to_end_extrajudicial_killings Arroyo fails to take steps to end extrajudicial killings</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.independent.co.uk/world/asia/article2293482.ece | work=The Independent | location=London | title=Philippines army accused of killing political activists | first=Justin | last=Huggler | date=February 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archive-date=2008-11-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123120314/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/asia/article2293482.ece | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="pinoyhr.net">{{Cite web |url=http://www.pinoyhr.net/ |title=STOP Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2017-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516111532/http://pinoyhr.net/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://hrw.org/reports/2007/philippines0607/ Scared Silent: Impunity for Extrajudicial Killings in the Philippines]</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article2692483.ece |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806071635/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/court-rules-against-russia-in-chechen-killing-454152.html |archivedate=2011-08-06|deadurl=yes| work=The Independent | location=London | title=Court rules against Russia in Chechen killing | first=Anne | last=Penketh | date=June 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 2, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.radiopinoyusa.com/radiopinoy_news.php?id=NEWS-00592 |title=U.N. Rapporteur: Philippines Military Implicated in Extra-Judicial Murders and Political Killings (Radio Pinoy USA) |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2009-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604005623/http://www.radiopinoyusa.com/radiopinoy_news.php?id=NEWS-00592 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pcusa.org/pcnews/2007/07271.htm |title=PC(USA) News: ‘Graft and corruption’ |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2009-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090810094427/http://www.pcusa.org/pcnews/2007/07271.htm |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>
وہ ممالک جن میں ماورائے عدالت قتل اور قاتل گروہوں کی طرف سے بکثرت اموات ہوتی ہیں ان میں [[مشرق وسطی]] (خاص کر [[شام]] اور [[عراق]]<ref>[http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=viewArticle&code=FUL20051124&articleId=1315 Torture and Extrajudicial Killings in Iraq]</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.electronicintifada.net/bytopic/extrajudicial-killings.shtml |title=ei: Extrajudicial Killings |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2011-02-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110226033302/http://www.electronicintifada.net/bytopic/extrajudicial-killings.shtml |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR51/079/2005/en/bcffa8d8-d4ea-11dd-8a23-d58a49c0d652/amr510792005en.html |title=USA: An Extrajudicial Execution by the CIA? {{!}} Amnesty International |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2012-07-18 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120718143603/www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR51/079/2005/en/bcffa8d8-d4ea-11dd-8a23-d58a49c0d652/amr510792005en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.brusselstribunal.org/FullerKillings.htm |title=Proof of US orchestration of Death Squads Killings in Iraq |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200355/http://www.brusselstribunal.org/FullerKillings.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://soccerdad.baltiblogs.com/archives/2007/06/24/extrajudicial_killings_hamas_style.html |title=Soccer Dad: Extra-judicial killings, hamas style |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2007-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928205440/http://soccerdad.baltiblogs.com/archives/2007/06/24/extrajudicial_killings_hamas_style.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>)، [[وسطی امریکہ]]،<ref name=autogenerated1>{{Cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR29/015/1996/en/29e818da-eacb-11dd-b6f5-3be39665bc30/amr290151996en.html |title=El Salvador: The spectre of death squads {{!}} Amnesty International |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2013-02-23 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20130223101313/www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR29/015/1996/en/29e818da-eacb-11dd-b6f5-3be39665bc30/amr290151996en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/publications/elsalvador2/index.html El Salvador: War, Peace, and Human Rights, 1980–1994]</ref> [[افغانستان]]، [[بنگلہ دیش]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.allamericanpatriots.com/48723123_world_bangladesh_release_journalist_and_rights_activist |title=Bangladesh: Release Journalist and Rights Activist {{!}} All American Patriots |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2007-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927223919/http://www.allamericanpatriots.com/48723123_world_bangladesh_release_journalist_and_rights_activist |url-status=dead }}</ref>[[پاکستان]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-10667545 | work=BBC News | title=Pakistan army accused of extrajudicial killings in Swat | date=July 16, 2010 | accessdate=Jul 17, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044740/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-10667545 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> افریقہ کے بہت سے ممالک یا علاقے،<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irinnews.org/report/53437/cote-d-ivoire-un-demands-inquiry-into-13-torture-deaths|title=Cote d'Ivoire: UN demands inquiry into 13 torture deaths|date=16 March 2005|accessdate=2 November 2012|publisher=IRIN Africa|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044745/http://www.irinnews.org/news/2005/03/16/un-demands-inquiry-13-torture-deaths|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.omct.org/urgent-campaigns/urgent-interventions/ethiopia/2005/11/d17734/|title=Ethiopia – extrajudicial killing/torture/arbitrary arrests|publisher=World Organisation Against Torture|accessdate=2 November 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044752/http://www.omct.org/urgent-campaigns/urgent-interventions/ethiopia/2005/11/d17734/|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201208200590.html|publisher=AllAfrica|author=Arubi, Emma|date=20 August 2012|title=Nigeria: Delta Community Alleges Extrajudicial Killing by Soldiers}}</ref> [[جمیکا]]<ref name=autogenerated2>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20040307T040000-0500_56740_OBS_LOUIS_JODEL_CHAMBLAIN_.asp |title=Louis-Jodel Chamblain – JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2008-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121183203/http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/news/html/20040307T040000-0500_56740_OBS_LOUIS_JODEL_CHAMBLAIN_.asp |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref><ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite news | url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/gayrights/story/0,12592,1659296,00.html | work=The Guardian | location=London | title=Jamaican gay activist shot dead after being abducted | first=Gary | last=Younge | date=December 6, 2005 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044747/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/dec/06/gayrights.garyyounge | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61549-2004Mar15_2.html | work=واشنگٹن پوسٹ | title=Aristide Back in Caribbean Heat | first=Peter | last=Eisner | date=March 16, 2004 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044735/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A61549-2004Mar15_2.html%20 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live }} Note: first page of this article is missing from واشنگٹن پوسٹ website, but can be found [http://www.iacenter.org/Haitifiles/aristide_washpost.htm here] {{wayback|url=http://www.iacenter.org/Haitifiles/aristide_washpost.htm |date=20140419025210 }}</ref> کوسوو،<ref>{{cite web |title=Report on Human Rights Violations in Kosovo |url=http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/ffdab064dd4600ba802567dd00351af3?Opendocument |publisher=ECOSOC |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044749/http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/ffdab064dd4600ba802567dd00351af3?Opendocument%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref> کے ساتھ ساتھ جنوبی امریکا<ref>{{cite web |title=World Report 2002: Venezuela |url=http://hrw.org/wr2k2/americas10.html |publisher=Human Rights Watch |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044738/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/wr2k2/americas10.html%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=World Report 2003: Venezuela |url=http://hrw.org/wr2k3/americas10.html |publisher=Human Rights Watch |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044749/https://www.hrw.org/legacy/wr2k3/americas10.html%20 |archivedate=2018-12-26 |access-date=2015-03-30 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR19/008/2007/en/3f0d3a74-d3ac-11dd-a329-2f46302a8cc6/amr190082007en.html |title=Brazil: Irene Khan urges government collaboration to end violence {{!}} Amnesty International |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2012-07-17 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120717171248/www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/AMR19/008/2007/en/3f0d3a74-d3ac-11dd-a329-2f46302a8cc6/amr190082007en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> مبینہ طور پر [[روس]]<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6163502.stm | work=BBC News | title=Obituary: Alexander Litvinenko | date=November 24, 2006 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226044737/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6163502.stm%20 | archivedate=2018-12-26 | url-status=live}}</ref> [[ازبکستان]] [[تھائی لینڈ]] کے کچھ علاقے<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/mainfile.php/2003/407/ |title=THAILAND: Extrajudicial killing, impunity |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2011-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303032356/http://www.ahrchk.net/ua/mainfile.php/2003/407/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[ترکی]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.todayszaman.com/columnist/gunal-kursun/closing-investigations-into-extrajudicial-killings-in-turkey_358710.html |title=آرکائیو کاپی |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2014-09-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922073324/http://www.todayszaman.com/columnist/gunal-kursun/closing-investigations-into-extrajudicial-killings-in-turkey_358710.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>The report [http://ob.nubati.net/wiki/Extra-judicial_Executions Turkey: Extra-judicial Executions (AI Index: EUR 44/45/90)] was accessed on 10 September 2009</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.todayszaman.com/news-344936-mit-bill-raises-concerns-about-possible-boost-in-extrajudicial-killings.html |title=آرکائیو کاپی |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2014-12-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208102420/http://www.todayszaman.com/news-344936-mit-bill-raises-concerns-about-possible-boost-in-extrajudicial-killings.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/europe/turkish-military-officer-confirms-kurd-killings</ref> اور [[فلپائن]] میں۔<ref>http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20060725-11686/Arroyo_fails_to_take_steps_to_end_extrajudicial_killings {{wayback|url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20060725-11686/Arroyo_fails_to_take_steps_to_end_extrajudicial_killings |date=20140418012506 }} Arroyo fails to take steps to end extrajudicial killings</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.independent.co.uk/world/asia/article2293482.ece | work=The Independent | location=London | title=Philippines army accused of killing political activists | first=Justin | last=Huggler | date=February 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 2, 2010 | archive-date=2008-11-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123120314/http://news.independent.co.uk/world/asia/article2293482.ece | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="pinoyhr.net">{{Cite web |url=http://www.pinoyhr.net/ |title=STOP Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2017-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516111532/http://pinoyhr.net/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://hrw.org/reports/2007/philippines0607/ Scared Silent: Impunity for Extrajudicial Killings in the Philippines]</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article2692483.ece |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110806071635/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/court-rules-against-russia-in-chechen-killing-454152.html |archivedate=2011-08-06|deadurl=yes| work=The Independent | location=London | title=Court rules against Russia in Chechen killing | first=Anne | last=Penketh | date=June 22, 2007 | accessdate=May 2, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.radiopinoyusa.com/radiopinoy_news.php?id=NEWS-00592 |title=U.N. Rapporteur: Philippines Military Implicated in Extra-Judicial Murders and Political Killings (Radio Pinoy USA) |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2009-06-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090604005623/http://www.radiopinoyusa.com/radiopinoy_news.php?id=NEWS-00592 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pcusa.org/pcnews/2007/07271.htm |title=PC(USA) News: ‘Graft and corruption’ |access-date=2015-03-30 |archive-date=2009-08-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090810094427/http://www.pcusa.org/pcnews/2007/07271.htm |url-status=bot: unknown}}</ref>


== حوالہ جات ==
== حوالہ جات ==

نسخہ بمطابق 09:55، 31 دسمبر 2021ء

ماورائے عدالت قتل اس قتل کو کہا جاتا ہے جو کوئی حکومتی ادارہ غیر قانونی طور پر کریں۔
وہ ممالک جن میں ماورائے عدالت قتل اور قاتل گروہوں کی طرف سے بکثرت اموات ہوتی ہیں ان میں مشرق وسطی (خاص کر شام اور عراق[1][2][3][4][5])، وسطی امریکہ،[6][7] افغانستان، بنگلہ دیش,[8]پاکستان[9] افریقہ کے بہت سے ممالک یا علاقے،[10][11][12] جمیکا[13][14][15] کوسوو،[16] کے ساتھ ساتھ جنوبی امریکا[17][18][19] مبینہ طور پر روس[20] ازبکستان تھائی لینڈ کے کچھ علاقے[21] ترکی[22][23][24][25] اور فلپائن میں۔[26][27][28][29][30][31][32]

حوالہ جات

  1. ↑ Torture and Extrajudicial Killings in Iraq
  2. ↑ "ei: Extrajudicial Killings"۔ 26 فروری 2011 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  3. ↑ "USA: An Extrajudicial Execution by the CIA? | Amnesty International"۔ 18 جولا‎ئی 2012 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  4. ↑ "Proof of US orchestration of Death Squads Killings in Iraq"۔ 27 ستمبر 2007 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  5. ↑ "Soccer Dad: Extra-judicial killings, hamas style"۔ 28 ستمبر 2007 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  6. ↑ "El Salvador: The spectre of death squads | Amnesty International"۔ 23 فروری 2013 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  7. ↑ El Salvador: War, Peace, and Human Rights, 1980–1994
  8. ↑ "Bangladesh: Release Journalist and Rights Activist | All American Patriots"۔ 27 ستمبر 2007 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  9. ↑ "Pakistan army accused of extrajudicial killings in Swat"۔ BBC News۔ July 16, 2010۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ Jul 17, 2010 
  10. ↑ "Cote d'Ivoire: UN demands inquiry into 13 torture deaths"۔ IRIN Africa۔ 16 March 2005۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 02 نومبر 2012 
  11. ↑ "Ethiopia – extrajudicial killing/torture/arbitrary arrests"۔ World Organisation Against Torture۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 02 نومبر 2012 
  12. ↑ Arubi, Emma (20 August 2012)۔ "Nigeria: Delta Community Alleges Extrajudicial Killing by Soldiers"۔ AllAfrica 
  13. ↑ "Louis-Jodel Chamblain – JAMAICAOBSERVER.COM"۔ 21 نومبر 2008 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  14. ↑ Gary Younge (December 6, 2005)۔ "Jamaican gay activist shot dead after being abducted"۔ The Guardian۔ London۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ May 2, 2010 
  15. ↑ Peter Eisner (March 16, 2004)۔ "Aristide Back in Caribbean Heat"۔ واشنگٹن پوسٹ۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ May 2, 2010  Note: first page of this article is missing from واشنگٹن پوسٹ website, but can be found here آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ iacenter.org (Error: unknown archive URL)
  16. ↑ "Report on Human Rights Violations in Kosovo"۔ ECOSOC۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  17. ↑ "World Report 2002: Venezuela"۔ Human Rights Watch۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  18. ↑ "World Report 2003: Venezuela"۔ Human Rights Watch۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  19. ↑ "Brazil: Irene Khan urges government collaboration to end violence | Amnesty International"۔ 17 جولا‎ئی 2012 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  20. ↑ "Obituary: Alexander Litvinenko"۔ BBC News۔ November 24, 2006۔ 26 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ May 2, 2010 
  21. ↑ "THAILAND: Extrajudicial killing, impunity"۔ 03 مارچ 2011 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  22. ↑ "آرکائیو کاپی"۔ 22 ستمبر 2014 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  23. ↑ The report Turkey: Extra-judicial Executions (AI Index: EUR 44/45/90) was accessed on 10 September 2009
  24. ↑ "آرکائیو کاپی"۔ 08 دسمبر 2014 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  25. ↑ http://www.thenational.ae/news/world/europe/turkish-military-officer-confirms-kurd-killings
  26. ↑ http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/topstories/topstories/view/20060725-11686/Arroyo_fails_to_take_steps_to_end_extrajudicial_killings آرکائیو شدہ (Date missing) بذریعہ newsinfo.inquirer.net (Error: unknown archive URL) Arroyo fails to take steps to end extrajudicial killings
  27. ↑ Justin Huggler (February 22, 2007)۔ "Philippines army accused of killing political activists"۔ The Independent۔ London۔ 23 نومبر 2008 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ May 2, 2010 
  28. ↑ "STOP Extra-Judicial Killings in the Philippines"۔ 16 مئی 2017 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  29. ↑ Scared Silent: Impunity for Extrajudicial Killings in the Philippines
  30. ↑ Anne Penketh (June 22, 2007)۔ "Court rules against Russia in Chechen killing"۔ The Independent۔ London۔ 06 اگست 2011 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ May 2, 2010 
  31. ↑ "U.N. Rapporteur: Philippines Military Implicated in Extra-Judicial Murders and Political Killings (Radio Pinoy USA)"۔ 04 جون 2009 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
  32. ↑ "PC(USA) News: 'Graft and corruption'"۔ 10 اگست 2009 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2015 
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