معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے سلوواک
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| حرف صحیحs | ||
|---|---|---|
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ | Examples | Nearest English equivalent |
| b | byť, vstup do[1] | bill |
| c | radosť, loď[2] | stew (UK) |
| d | domov, prvýkrát bolo[1] | door |
| d͡z | hádzať, noc bez[1] | heads |
| d͡ʒ | džbán, cárovič bol[1] | job |
| f | farba, vták[3] | focus |
| ɡ | garáž, kde[1] | gate |
| ɦ | hlava | ahead |
| j | jogurt | yellow |
| ɟ | ďaleko, byť zaradený[1] | dew (UK) |
| k | koláč, ping-pong[2] | cold |
| l | láska | lack |
| l̩ | vlk | little |
| l̩ː | vĺča | little left (long) |
| ʎ | ľad | failure |
| m | maslo | milk |
| n | noc | now |
| ɲ | laň | canyon |
| ŋ | banka | singer |
| p | pavúk, dub[2] | spill |
| r | robot | similar to water (US) |
| r̩ | prst | |
| r̩ː | vŕba | Spanish perro |
| s | slnko, mráz[2] | six |
| ʃ | šach, rúž[2] | shell |
| t | tulipán, hlad[2] | stand |
| t͡s | cena, jedz[2] | bats |
| t͡ʃ | človek, hádž[2] | chase |
| v | vzrast,[3] Adolf bol[1] | vine |
| ʋ | sever[3] | between vine and wine |
| w | pravda, krv,[3] Tatrou | wine |
| x | chlieb, sneh | loch (Scottish) |
| z | zima, ananás bol[1] | zoo |
| ʒ | žena, Aleš bol[1] | fusion |
| مصوتs | ||
|---|---|---|
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ | Examples | Nearest English equivalent |
| a | matka | art (US) |
| aː | ráno | father |
| e | drevo, mäso[4] | left |
| eː | fén | bed |
| i | tri, syr | kit |
| iː | písať, výr | leave |
| o | dom | thought (RP) |
| oː | móda | law (RP) |
| u | ruža | bull |
| uː | úroda | food |
| Diphthongs | ||
|---|---|---|
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ | Examples | Nearest English equivalent |
| ia | piaty | young |
| ie | viera | yes |
| iu | vyššiu | use |
| uo | stôl | water |
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ | Stress |
|---|---|
| ˈ | Primary stress always falls on the first syllable of a word. |
Notes[ترمیم]
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح Apart from being the main realization of the phonemes /b, d, dz, dʒ, ɡ, ɟ, z, ʒ/, [b, d, dz, dʒ, ɡ, ɟ, z, ʒ] also occur as allophones of /p, t, ts, tʃ, k, c, s, ʃ/ before the voiced obstruents /b, d, ɟ, ɡ, dʒ, z, ʒ, ɦ/. [v] also occurs as an allophone of /f/ in the same environment.
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ Apart from being the main realization of the phonemes /c, k, p, s, ʃ, t, ts, tʃ/, [c, k, p, s, ʃ, t, ts, tʃ] also occur as word-final allophones of /ɟ, ɡ, b, z, ʒ, d, dz, dʒ/, unless the following word beings with any of the voiced obstruents /b, d, ɟ, ɡ, dʒ, z, ʒ, ɦ/ and is pronounced without a pause, in which case they are realized as voiced [ɟ, ɡ, b, z, ʒ, d, dz, dʒ].
- ^ ا ب پ ت The phones transcribed [f, v, ʋ, w] are allophones of a single /v/ phoneme (but note that [f, v] are also allophones of the /f/ phoneme):
• [f] occurs word-initially before the voiceless obstruents /p, t, c, k, tʃ, f, s, ʃ, x/;
• [v] occurs word-initially before the voiced obstruents /b, d, ɟ, ɡ, dʒ, z, ʒ, ɦ/;
• [w] or [ʋ] (in our transcriptions always represented as [w]) occur in the syllable ہجا;
• [ʋ] occurs in all other cases (Hanulíková & Hamann (2010:374)). - ↑ The vowel spelled ⟨ä⟩ used to be pronounced with the /æ/ phoneme, the usage of which has become rare and/or dialectal.
References[ترمیم]
- Hanulíková، Adriana؛ Hamann، Silke (2010)، "Slovak" (PDF)، Journal of the International Phonetic Association، 40 (3): 373–378، doi:10.1017/S0025100310000162
- Kráľ، Ábel (1988)، Pravidlá slovenskej výslovnosti، Bratislava: Slovenské pedagogické nakladateľstvo
- Pavlík، Radoslav (2004)، "Slovenské hlásky a medzinárodná fonetická abeceda" (PDF)، Jazykovedný časopis، 55: 87–109
- Short، David (2002)، "Slovak"، بہ Comrie، Bernard؛ Corbett، Greville G.، The Slavonic Languages، London and New York: Routledge، صفحات 533–592، ISBN 9780415280785