معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے نارویجن

حرف صحیحs IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent b bil bee ç kjip Similar to huge d dag day ɖ sardin North American order f fot foot ɡ god good h hatt hat j jojo yoyo k kafé café l lake lack ɭ Karl North American twirl m man man n natt night ɳ barn North American turner ŋ ting thing p pappa papa r år A tapped or trilled "r". s sabel sabre ʂ sjø, torsdag shoe t tirsdag tea ʈ parti North American cartel v vaktel vat

مصوتs IPA Examples Nearest English equivalent ɑ fast Modern RP stack; North American lot ɑː mat bra, RP car æ fersk trap æː ære Australian ham ɛ helle North American and RP set eː hel Scottish save ɪ sill hill iː i need ɔ åtte RP lot; North American fort oː mål Scottish stove; RP law œ nøtt similar to Burt; German short ö øː dø similar to bird; German long ö ʊ ond put, with tight lips uː bot fool ʉ full Estuary butcher ʉː ful fuel; Australian and Estuary food, with tight lips ʏ nytt No English equivalent; German short ü yː syl No English equivalent; German long ü unstressed ə påle about Stress and لہجے والی زبان IPA Examples Explanation ˈa Rana [ˈrɑːnɑ] Tone 1 / acute accent: • Low tone in اوسلو: [ˈrɑ̀ːnɑ] • Falling tone in western Norway: [ˈrɑ̂ːnɑ] ˈa.ˈa rana [ˈrɑːˈnɑ] Tone 2 / grave accent: • Falling-rising tone in Oslo: [ˈrɑ̂ːˈnɑ̌] • Rising-falling tone in western Norway: [ˈrɑ̌ːˈnɑ̂]

References

• Gjert Kristoffersen، The Phonology of Norwegian، Oxford University Press، آئی ایس بی این 978-0-19-823765-5
• سانچہ:SOWL
• Ingebjørg Skaug، Norsk språklydlære med øvelser (اشاعت 3rd۔)، Oslo: Cappelen Akademisk Forlag AS، آئی ایس بی این 82-456-0178-0
• Åse-Berit Strandskogen، Norsk fonetikk for utlendinger، Oslo: Gyldendal، آئی ایس بی این 82-05-10107-8
• Arne Vanvik، Norsk fonetikk، Oslo: Universitetet i Oslo، آئی ایس بی این 82-990584-0-6