حرف صحیحs
|
IPA |
Thai |
Tai Tham |
English approximation
|
b
|
บ |
|
abash
|
d
|
ฎ,ด |
|
ado
|
f
|
ฝ,ฟ |
, |
food
|
h
|
ห,ฮ |
,, |
head
|
j
|
ญ,ย,อย,หย |
|
yak
|
k
|
ก |
, |
scan
|
l
|
ล,ฬ,หล |
,, |
leaf
|
m
|
ม,หม |
|
much
|
n
|
ณ,น,หน |
, |
not
|
ŋ
|
ง,หง |
|
bang
|
ɲ
|
ญ |
, |
canyon
|
p
|
ป |
, |
span
|
pʰ
|
ผ,พ,ภ |
, |
pan
|
r
|
ร,หร |
|
roughly like water (American English)
|
s
|
ซ,ศ,ษ,ส |
,,,,, |
sue
|
t
|
ฏ,ต |
,, |
stable
|
tʰ
|
ฐ,ฑ,ฒ,ถ,ท,ธ |
,,, |
table
|
t͡ɕ
|
จ |
, |
question
|
w
|
ว,หว |
|
way
|
x
|
ข,ฃ,ค,ฅ,ฆ |
,,, |
can
|
ʔ
|
อ, ะ |
, |
the catch in uh-oh
|
|
Tones
|
IPA |
Description
|
aː = āː
|
mid [aː˧]
|
àː
|
low [aː˨˩] or [aː˩]
|
âː
|
falling [aː˥˩]
|
a᷇ː
|
high falling [aː˥˧]
|
áː
|
high [aː˦˥]
|
ǎː
|
rising [aː˨˦]
|
|
Vowels
|
IPA |
Thai[1] |
Tai Tham script |
English approximation
|
Short vowels
|
a
|
◌ะ, ◌ั◌ |
, |
cut
|
e
|
เ◌ะ, เ◌็◌ |
◌, |
roughly like say
|
ɛ
|
แ◌ะ, แ◌็◌ |
◌, |
roughly like bat
|
i
|
◌ิ, ◌ิ◌ |
, |
happy
|
o
|
โ◌ะ, ◌◌ |
◌, |
go without u sound (shorter)
|
ɔ
|
เ◌าะ, ◌็อ◌ |
|
lot
|
u
|
◌ุ, ◌ุ◌ |
, |
loot (shorter)
|
ɯ
|
◌ึ, ◌ึ◌ |
|
good
|
ɤ
|
เ◌อะ |
|
roughly like hurt (shorter)
|
Long vowels
|
aː
|
◌า, ◌า◌ |
, |
bra
|
eː
|
เ◌, เ◌◌ |
◌, |
play
|
ɛː
|
แ◌, แ◌◌ |
◌ |
roughly like man
|
iː
|
◌ี, ◌ี◌ |
|
green
|
oː
|
โ◌, โ◌◌ |
◌,◌ |
go without u sound
|
ɔː
|
◌อ, ◌อ◌ |
, |
lawn
|
uː
|
◌ู, ◌ู, |
|
moon
|
ɯː
|
◌ือ, ◌ื◌ |
|
good (longer)
|
ɤː
|
เ◌อ, เ◌ิ◌ |
|
roughly like fur
|
Diphthongs
|
iaʔ, iəʔ
|
เ◌ียะ |
|
No English equivalent
|
ia, iə
|
เ◌ีย, เ◌ีย◌ |
|
idea
|
uaʔ, uəʔ
|
◌ัวะ |
|
No English equivalent
|
ua, uə
|
◌ัว, ◌ว◌ |
|
poor (British English)
|
ɯaʔ, ɯəʔ
|
เ◌ือะ |
|
No English equivalent
|
ɯa, ɯə
|
เ◌ือ, เ◌ือ◌ |
|
No English equivalent
|
|